Concentration

This step consists in the increase of the dry matter content to facilitate the further steps, using for instance evaporation. 

Separation / Purification : Different type of separation, based on size, weight, charge, hydrophilic / lipophilic capacity (separation liquid / liquid), solubility, volatility (liquid / steam), etc... 

Filter press : the filter press uses increased pressure to maximize the rate of filtration and produce a final filter cake with a low water content.

Membranes, Ultra filtration, Nano filtration : membrane filtration or cross-flow filtration technology which ranges between ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO). The fundamental principle of Nanofiltration membrane technology is the use of pressure to separate soluble ions through a semi permeable material. 

Liquid / Liquid : Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE) is a method used in the recovery of a key component from a multi-component stream using an immiscible solvent. The two steams are contacted and separated. The solvent absorbs the key component stripping it from the original stream.